russia has launched a full-scale war in Ukraine. Donate to support Ukraine and protect the world’s peace.

23 Best Books Exploring Human Nature and Behavior

23 Best Books About Human Nature and Behavior

Why is it important to read books on human nature?

Why do people save, kill, forgive, take revenge, love, and hate? Some point to emotions, others to hormones. Some blame childhood experiences, others the environment. What people do and how they make decisions can never be fully understood. Yep, that's right. You can never 100% understand people and their actions, but at least you won't always be disappointed by some people's behavior forever.

Now, emotional intelligence is valued almost as much as accurate and practical knowledge. But that's not too surprising. To function as a society, we need to understand and respect each other. The best books on human nature can help us learn about each other's inner worlds, feelings, thinking, worldviews, and motivations. 

Work involves communicating with people and building both short-term and long-term relationships. Different situations call for different strengths. That's why it is necessary to understand your strengths and weaknesses so you can develop competitive advantages and achieve better results.

Knowing your positive character traits allows you to develop and deepen them. Understanding your negative tendencies is also essential, as it helps you be more cautious, control yourself during tough moments, or even work on changing these patterns.

Today, plenty of tools exist for determining a person's character traits. The US alone has about 2,500 different tests. Two popular systems are used to determine a person's character traits, namely the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (16 types) and the Enneagram (9 types). If you want to learn more about these, check out book summaries on them with the Headway app.

Best books on human nature

Psychology books about this topic appeal to non-specialists because we want to understand others better. We want to grasp their desires and motivations, figure out how they behave, learn how to communicate with them, and improve our interactions.

Psychology provides answers to almost all of these questions. Books provide practical methods, and sometimes even exercises, that teach people how to reduce stress and tension. They also help people cope with their emotions, respond appropriately to others' emotions, communicate productively with colleagues, and boost self-esteem.

Here, you can find the top books on human nature, which are helpful for both specialists and those interested in understanding the depths of the human mind.

Awkward

by Ty Tashiro, PhD

What is Awkward about?

This engaging exploration delves into the neuroscience behind social awkwardness, revealing its roots and discussing how it can be an asset. It highlights the unique strengths of those who often feel out of place, showcasing real-life examples and scientific research. With humor and insight, the book encourages readers to embrace their quirks and understand the social dynamics that shape human interaction, ultimately presenting awkwardness as a valuable trait.

Who should read Awkward

Introverts looking for social insights
Psychology enthusiasts exploring human behavior
Anyone feeling socially out of place

You're Not Listening

by Kate Murphy

What is You're Not Listening about?

This insightful exploration delves into the art of listening, emphasizing its profound impact on relationships and communication. The author reveals common barriers that prevent genuine listening, such as distractions and preconceived notions. Through engaging anecdotes and research, the book highlights the benefits of truly hearing others, fostering empathy, and enhancing understanding in both personal and professional contexts. It ultimately argues that better listening leads to a more connected and fulfilled life.

Who should read You're Not Listening

Anyone seeking to improve communication skills.
People struggling with effective listening habits.
Professionals aiming to enhance workplace interactions.

The Moral Landscape

by Sam Harris

What is The Moral Landscape about?

This thought-provoking work explores the intersection of science and morality, arguing that ethical values can be grounded in understanding human well-being. The author contends that moral questions are not solely philosophical but can be informed by scientific inquiry. Through compelling reasoning, the book challenges traditional notions of morality, suggesting that as humanity progresses in knowledge, it can develop a clearer framework for determining right and wrong based on empirical evidence.

Who should read The Moral Landscape

Philosophy enthusiasts seeking science-based morality insights.
Psychology students interested in the ethics of human behavior.
General readers curious about the intersection of science and morality.

The Elephant in the Brain

by Kevin Simler, Robert Hanson

What is The Elephant in the Brain about?

This thought-provoking exploration delves into the subconscious motivations that drive human behavior, revealing how self-interest often lurks beneath the surface of our social interactions. It challenges readers to confront the hidden biases and desires that shape daily decisions, from politics to personal relationships. By uncovering these motives, the authors encourage a deeper understanding of ourselves and the societal structures we navigate.

Who should read The Elephant in the Brain

Psychology enthusiasts seeking insights on human behavior.
Self-improvement readers wanting to understand their motivations.
Curious minds exploring social dynamics and hidden motives.

The Anthropocene Reviewed

by John Green

What is The Anthropocene Reviewed about?

This collection of essays explores the complexities of the human experience within the framework of the Anthropocene epoch. Through personal reflections and cultural critiques, the author examines various aspects of modern life, from mundane pleasures to profound existential dilemmas. Each essay provides insightful commentary on how humanity interacts with the world, ultimately celebrating the beauty and chaos of existence while contemplating our impact on the planet.

Who should read The Anthropocene Reviewed

Fans of thought-provoking essays
Readers interested in climate change perspectives
Anyone seeking a deeper understanding of humanity's impact

The Molecule of More

by Daniel Lieberman, MD, Michael E. Long

What is The Molecule of More about?

This insightful exploration delves into the powerful role of dopamine, a key brain chemical, in shaping human emotions and behaviors. It reveals how dopamine influences love, creativity, and ambition, while also highlighting its potential pitfalls. Through engaging stories and scientific analysis, the authors uncover how this single molecule impacts our lives and decisions, ultimately affecting our future as a species.

Who should read The Molecule of More

Psychology enthusiasts eager to understand human behavior.
Creatives seeking insight into inspiration and motivation.
Couples wanting to deepen their relationship dynamics.

The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness

by Erich Fromm, PhD

What is The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness about?

This insightful exploration delves into the roots of human aggression and destructiveness, examining psychological, social, and historical factors that influence behavior. Fromm argues that inherent human drives are shaped by environmental conditions, leading to the potential for both creativity and destruction. The book challenges readers to understand the complexities of human nature and offers a critical analysis of societal influences on individual actions.

Who should read The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness

Psychology enthusiasts exploring human behavior.
Students studying sociology and human nature.
Readers interested in philosophical debates on violence.

Sex at Dawn

by Christopher Ryan, PhD, Cacilda Jethá, MD

What is Sex at Dawn about?

This groundbreaking work explores the evolutionary origins of human sexuality, challenging traditional views on monogamy and promiscuity. Through an examination of historical, cultural, and biological evidence, the authors argue that our ancestors thrived in non-monogamous environments. The book prompts readers to reconsider societal norms surrounding relationships and fidelity, suggesting that understanding our primal instincts can lead to healthier modern partnerships.

Who should read Sex at Dawn

Open-minded couples seeking relationship insights.
Fans of evolutionary psychology and human behavior.
Individuals questioning traditional views on monogamy and relationships.

Humankind

by Rutger Bregman

What is Humankind about?

This thought-provoking book explores the innate goodness of human beings throughout history, challenging the pessimistic narratives often presented in society. Bregman draws on various disciplines, including anthropology and psychology, to illustrate how cooperation and altruism have been vital to human survival and progress. By offering a fresh perspective on our species, it encourages readers to reconsider their assumptions about human nature and fosters hope for a better future.

Who should read Humankind

Readers interested in human nature and optimism
Fans of history and sociology
Those seeking a positive perspective on humanity's future

A Brief History of Everything

by Ken Wilber

What is A Brief History of Everything about?

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the evolution of consciousness, weaving together insights from science, philosophy, and spirituality. It explores the interconnectedness of all aspects of existence, tracing the development of human understanding from primitive beliefs to modern theories. Wilber presents a holistic perspective that encourages readers to consider how various elements of existence, including culture and biology, shape our reality and inner lives.

Who should read A Brief History of Everything

Philosophy enthusiasts seeking a comprehensive worldview.
Spiritual seekers interested in integral theory and consciousness.
Students of science exploring the connection between disciplines.

The Religions Book

by DK & Neil Philip

What is The Religions Book about?

This book offers an accessible overview of the world's major religions, simplifying complex beliefs and practices. Through engaging visuals and straightforward explanations, it explores key concepts, historical contexts, and influential figures across various faiths. Suitable for readers of all backgrounds, it provides a foundational understanding of diverse spiritual traditions, encouraging appreciation for the rich tapestry of human belief systems.

Who should read The Religions Book

Curious minds exploring world religions.
Students seeking a concise overview of major beliefs.
Parents introducing their children to diverse cultures.

Until The End of Time

by Brian Greene

What is Until The End of Time about?

Exploring the intricate relationship between mind and matter, this book delves into the cosmic evolution of the universe while seeking answers to profound philosophical questions. It examines how scientific discoveries tie into our understanding of existence, consciousness, and the search for meaning. Through a blend of physics, cosmology, and philosophy, it invites readers to contemplate our place in the ever-evolving tapestry of reality.

Who should read Until The End of Time

Science enthusiasts seeking deeper understanding of the universe.
Philosophy lovers interested in the nature of existence.
Readers exploring the intersection of science and spirituality.

Lives of the Stoics

by Ryan Holiday, Stephen Hanselman

What is Lives of the Stoics about?

This insightful exploration delves into the lives and philosophies of prominent Stoic thinkers, from Zeno to Marcus Aurelius. It examines how their teachings can provide guidance in navigating modern challenges, emphasizing resilience, virtue, and the pursuit of a meaningful life. Through engaging narratives and practical wisdom, readers are encouraged to embrace Stoicism as a timeless art of living that fosters inner peace and strength in adversity.

Who should read Lives of the Stoics

Philosophy enthusiasts seeking practical life guidance.
Students of Stoicism looking for historical context.
Readers interested in personal development through historical figures.

The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle

by Haruki Murakami

What is The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle about?

In a surreal blend of reality and the subconscious, a Tokyo man embarks on a quest to find his missing wife, uncovering bizarre occurrences and eccentric characters along the way. As he delves deeper into the mysterious circumstances surrounding her disappearance, he encounters themes of love, loss, and the complexities of human connections, traversing between the ordinary and the extraordinary.

Who should read The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle

Fans of surrealism and magical realism.
Readers who enjoy psychological depth in fiction.
Those interested in Eastern philosophy and culture.

The Art of Loving

by Erich Fromm, PhD

What is The Art of Loving about?

This profound exploration delves into the nature of love, dissecting its various forms, including romantic, familial, and self-love. The author argues that love is an art that requires knowledge, effort, and dedication, rather than simply a feeling. Through philosophical and psychological insights, it emphasizes love as an active practice and a means to achieve personal fulfillment and connection with others, challenging modern notions of relationships.

Who should read The Art of Loving

Individuals seeking to deepen their romantic relationships.
Students of psychology exploring love's complexity.
Anyone wanting to understand human connection better.

All About Love

by bell hooks

What is All About Love about?

Exploring the multifaceted nature of love, this book challenges conventional perceptions by intertwining personal experiences, cultural critiques, and spiritual insights. It highlights the importance of love in fostering connection, healing, and social change, while addressing barriers such as patriarchy and racism. Through philosophical reflections and practical guidance, the work serves as a transformative manifesto for embracing love as a powerful force in our lives and communities.

Who should read All About Love

Readers seeking insights on love and relationships.
Individuals interested in personal growth and self-love.
Anyone exploring the intersection of love and social justice.

The Second Mountain

by David Brooks

What is The Second Mountain about?

This book explores the journey beyond personal success to a higher purpose anchored in community and relationships. The author delves into the idea of the 'second mountain'—a metaphor for a life of commitment, service, and connection. Through personal stories and philosophical insights, it encourages readers to find fulfillment through moral choices and deep connections, ultimately questioning the nature of happiness and the meaning of a life well-lived.

Who should read The Second Mountain

Philosophy enthusiasts seeking deeper moral understanding.
Self-help readers on a quest for purpose.
Anyone interested in personal growth and community engagement.

Willful Blindness

by Margaret Heffernan

What is Willful Blindness about?

This thought-provoking exploration delves into the psychological and social mechanisms behind our tendency to ignore glaring issues. Through compelling examples from business, politics, and personal relationships, the author examines the dangers of collective ignorance and willful blindness. By highlighting the consequences of ignoring uncomfortable truths, the book advocates for awareness, accountability, and the importance of confronting reality to make informed decisions.

Who should read Willful Blindness

Professionals in leadership roles seeking self-awareness.
Psychology enthusiasts gaining insights into human behavior.
Anyone interested in societal issues and accountability.

You Are Not So Smart

by David McRaney

What is You Are Not So Smart about?

This intriguing exploration of cognitive biases and misperceptions reveals how our minds distort reality. Through witty anecdotes and scientific research, the author highlights common fallacies that lead us to believe in our own misconceptions, from social media behaviors to memory reliability. Readers will gain insight into their own thought processes, encouraging critical thinking and self-reflection in a world filled with misinformation and psychological traps.

Who should read You Are Not So Smart

Psychology enthusiasts seeking to understand cognitive biases.
Social media users curious about digital illusions.
Readers interested in self-awareness and critical thinking.

Homo Deus

by Yuval Noah Harari

What is Homo Deus about?

This thought-provoking exploration delves into the future of humanity, examining the potential paths our species may take. It discusses the rise of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and the pursuit of immortality, questioning what it means to be human in an age of rapid technological advancement. Through historical patterns and speculative insights, the book addresses ethical dilemmas and challenges we may face as we strive for a better tomorrow.

Who should read Homo Deus

Futurists exploring the impact of technology on humanity.
Philosophers questioning the future of human existence.
Readers interested in the evolution of societal structures.

Frequently asked questions about books on human nature

What's the best book on human behavior?

Popular and recommended books include Daniel Goleman's 'Emotional Intelligence,' Kelly McGonigal's 'The Willpower Instinct: How Self-Control Works' by Kelly McGonigal, PhD, and Viktor Frankl's 'Man's Search for Meaning.' These books explore various aspects of human psychology and behavior, covering everything from emotions to motivation and self-control.

What are the 4 types of human nature?

Hippocrates identified four classical temperament types: sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, and melancholic. These types determine the speed and strength of nervous processes that influence a person's behavioral characteristics, emotional reactions, and interactions with the world.

Also, there is a more recent study from 2016:

  • Optimistic: People with a positive outlook

  • Pessimistic: People with a negative outlook

  • Trusting: Those who tend to trust and rely on others

  • Envious: Characterized by wanting what others have

What are the 7 elements of human nature?

The seven main aspects of human life are spiritual, emotional, social, material, intellectual, physical, and professional. These aspects are interconnected and form a full human existence. Each is important for achieving happiness, development, and realizing the meaning of life.

What's the rarest personality type?

The INFJ personality type is the rarest and most intriguing, making up less than 2% of the population. 

INFJs have a deep understanding and compassion for others. They aim to understand people's motivations and help them achieve inner harmony. They see helping others as a life purpose. They are kind and have an unwavering point of view and will fight tirelessly for what they believe in. INFJs easily create connections with others and have a talent for sincere, empathetic speech.

What's a type B person?

Type B people are represented by a calm and flexible nature, contrasting with type A, which is more aggressive and competitive. Type B people worry less about time, enjoy the process rather than just focusing on results, and handle failure and stress more balanced. They have tolerant personalities and can see situations from a broader perspective, promoting teamwork.